Non Prescription ADHD Medication
Medication is the first step for many people with ADHD in their treatment. Medication can aid in improving concentration and reduce the likelihood of impulsivity.
Stimulants are the most commonly used medication for ADHD. They increase the levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain. They are available in short-acting and long-acting versions.
1. Stimulants
Many people with ADHD are prescribed stimulants that increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These drugs improve their ability to concentrate and pay attention as well as control impulses. They may also help decrease the symptoms of depression or anxiety. Doctors prescribe them in a variety of forms, from liquid chewable tablets to extended-release capsules which can last for up to 16 hours. Long-lasting medications can help prevent "ups and downs" throughout the day, however some people find they require supplementation with a short-acting medicine in the evening or afternoon.
Stimulants can trigger side effects such as heart palpitations, changes in vision, and hearing ringing. They also can raise blood pressure and affect appetite. They may also have long-term effects on the brain development of adolescents and children that is why doctors are cautious about prescribing them to young people.
Amphetamines are an type of stimulant which can be legally prescribed as ADHD medications and can help some people with ADHD concentrate better. They are in the form of amphetamines, and are usually taken orally in powder or tablet form, but they can also be injected or smoked. People without ADHD may make use of them to lose weight or to boost their energy. They are more likely to be abused. Certain people with eating disorders also use them.
The NSDUH survey only asks if the person has ever been involved in non-medical use of prescription ADHD stimulants, not soliciting specific kinds of drugs or brands. This may underestimate the number of people who have used drugs other than those prescribed for ADHD. This does not provide details about the motives behind using drugs. This is vital.
Certain people with ADHD are able to cut down their nonmedical stimulant use by changing how they manage their time and activities by making sure to set aside time for rest and family. Some people experience relief when they learn about natural alternatives to medicines like oligomeric prosanthocyanidins. These are biochemical compounds found in plant extracts including pine bark, green tea and grape. Greenblatt has helped patients suffering from handwriting problems regain the ability to write after taking OPC supplements.
2. Ritalin
Ritalin, also known as methylphenidate is an stimulant for the central nervous system which is prescribed to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children. It acts by increasing levels of certain chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain that aid people to concentrate and focus their attention. The medication is typically taken orally, but it can also be injected. The misuse of this drug could result in a severe physical and mental dependence. Injection users face a number of complications, including blood-borne diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C due to insoluble fillers that can block small blood vessels. Abuse of this medication has been linked to psychotic episodes.
Most ADHD medications work to reduce symptoms like hyperactivity and impulsivity by altering the way neurotransmitters are utilized by the body. They can also improve focus and concentration, decrease fidgeting, and other distracting behaviors, and increase the ability to follow a plan or a task. Doctors may prescribe a variety of medication to treat ADHD, and they'll consult with patients to determine the appropriate dosage and schedule for each patient.
Side effects are common when stimulants are prescribed to treat ADHD. These are usually mild, but can include headaches; stomach upset; fast heartbeat; trouble sleeping; dry mouth; and changes in blood pressure. These symptoms generally disappear by themselves or after a few days as the body adapts to the medicine. Some people may develop a tolerance to the drugs, which means that a higher dose is needed for the same effect. This could lead to withdrawal symptoms and addiction in the event that the dose is suddenly reduced, or even stopped.
When you are taking stimulants, it is important to inform your health professional about any other medicines you are taking, especially ones that treat sleep disorders or depression because they may interact with this class of medications. You should also provide your complete list of foods, beverages and herbal remedies that you take. This information will help your doctor select the right medication that won't cause any problems with your current treatment.
3. Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines, which are manufactured by man, trigger mild to severe neurodepression in the brain (central nervous systems) and sedation. They work by increasing the effect of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter used by neurons in the brain to communicate. GABA can reduce brain activity, and benzodiazepines can be effective in treating seizures and anxiety.
Alprazolam (Xanax) diazepam, Valium and clobazam are all medications in this class. These are highly addictive and may cause slow breathing that may result in coma or even death, especially if you combine them with alcohol or other depressants like opioid painkillers. They also can cause severe withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking them too soon. Because of their possibility of abuse, you should keep benzodiazepines inside a locked box and only take them as prescribed by your doctor.
These drugs are usually used "off-label" for ADHD, meaning they're not approved by FDA to treat this condition. However, studies have shown that they can be beneficial for those who aren't able to find relief from stimulants or don't tolerate these drugs well. They don't cause or worsen the tics that are associated with Tourette syndrome. They can be administered to children as young to 6 years old.
Be aware that benzodiazepines can increase suicidal thoughts or behaviors in children, teens and adults during treatment or shortly after treatment has begun. Discuss with your doctor in case you have concerns or an ancestry of suicide. In addition, be sure to inform your doctor about any medications you or your child take, including over-the-counter supplements and vitamins. Some can interact with benzodiazepines and cause dangerous side effects. Your provider will recommend the best medication and treatment plan for your child or you. Follow the schedule and be patient -- it may take a while to see changes. Some people must keep taking benzodiazepines for an extended period of time. These medications are typically used in combination with other treatments to increase symptom relief. This is especially true for adults who are unable to take stimulants.
4. Atomoxetine
This medication is a selective reuptake norepinephrine inhibitor. It helps by increasing the natural brain chemical that helps control impulses and improve focus. It is prescribed as part a treatment plan for ADHD. It is a drug that can be used by itself or with other medication. It can also be effective for patients suffering from co-morbid disorders such as depression or anxiety. Atomoxetine can be purchased as liquid or capsules, and should be taken daily with the aid of a glass of fluid. Side effects are typically mild, although they can include headaches and abdominal pain in children and adolescents. If you experience a more severe reaction, such as suicidal feelings or an allergic reaction, seek immediate medical care.
It may take up to two months for atomoxetine's complete effect to be noticeable. It is often recommended for children who are at risk of using stimulants as well as for adults suffering from comorbid disorders. According to one study the medication is particularly effective in those with the inattentive type of ADHD.
It is not effective in all patients suffering from adolescent-onset ADHD, or those with comorbid tics and/or anxiety. Patients with a family history of glaucoma or pheochromocytoma (a tumor of the adrenal glands) should not take this drug. Before taking atomoxetine it is essential to inform your doctor of any other health issues you may be suffering from.
Nonstimulant medicines are an option for people who are unable to use stimulant drugs because of heart disease or glaucoma. According to the Child Mind Institute, these medications alter the way that chemicals are produced in specific parts of the brain. These medications are approved for adolescents and children as young as 6. adult add medication of these medications include clonidine ER (Kapvay) and guanfacine ER (Intuniv).
These medications can result in side effects, such as an increase in blood pressure and sinus tachycardia (irregular and rapid heartbeat) or interfere with other medications your child is taking. These medications may also cause negative interactions with certain drugs used to treat depression and anxiety.